What is procedure in sql and its types with syntax and example

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SQL (Structured Query Language) is a standard language used for managing relational databases. In SQL, a procedure is a set of SQL statements that perform a specific task. Procedures are commonly used to simplify complex database operations and improve efficiency. In this article, we will discuss what a procedure is in SQL, its types, syntax, and examples.

What is a Procedure in SQL?

In SQL, a procedure is a stored program that can be called by other programs or applications. Procedures are created and stored in a database and can be executed at any time. Procedures can accept parameters, perform operations on the database, and return values.

Types of Procedures in SQL

in SQL There are two types of procedures in SQL: stored procedures and user-defined functions.

Stored Procedures

Stored Procedures A stored procedure is a precompiled set of SQL statements that are stored in a database. Stored procedures can be called by other programs or applications to perform a specific task. Stored procedures can accept parameters, perform database operations, and return values. Stored procedures can be created using the following syntax:

CREATE PROCEDURE procedure_nameASBEGIN   -- SQL statementsEND

For example, the following stored procedure returns all the customers from the Customers table:

CREATE PROCEDURE get_customersASBEGIN   SELECT * FROM CustomersEND

User-Defined Functions

A user-defined function is a set of SQL statements that perform a specific task and return a value. User-defined functions can be called by other programs or applications to perform calculations or manipulate data. User-defined functions can be created using the following syntax:

CREATE FUNCTION function_name (@parameter datatype)RETURNS datatypeASBEGIN   -- SQL statements   RETURN valueEND

For example, the following user-defined function calculates the average order amount for a customer:

CREATE FUNCTION avg_order_amount (@customer_id int)RETURNS moneyASBEGIN   DECLARE @average money   SELECT @average = AVG(OrderAmount) FROM Orders WHERE CustomerID = @customer_id   RETURN @averageEND

Conclusion

In conclusion, procedures in SQL are stored programs that perform a specific task. Procedures are used to simplify complex database operations and improve efficiency. There are two types of procedures in SQL: stored procedures and user-defined functions. Stored procedures are precompiled sets of SQL statements that can be called by other programs or applications. User-defined functions are sets of SQL statements that perform calculations or manipulate data and return a value. With this knowledge, you can improve your SQL skills and create efficient and effective database operations.

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